High-Resolution Monthly Rainfall Database for Ethiopia ... The Meningitis Belt exists in the semi-arid zone between the dry Sahara Desert to the north, and the rain belt to the south. 2015: Journal of Climate, 28(23), DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0216.1. Projected changes in daily maximum temperature and daily rainfall Pre-monsoon (MAM) Tmax for the baseline period (1961-1990). Beginning in the 1960s, GFDL scientists developed the first coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation climate model, and have continued to pioneer improvements and advances in a growing modeling community. Projected future change in number of rainy days (rainfall >2.5 mm) during monsoon season (JJAS). The minimum, maximum and mean annual rainfall values are 815 . Climate and vegetation dynamics are tightly coupled: regional climate affects land surface processes over a range of scales with unprecedented speed (IPCC 2007, Zhao et al 2011), while vegetation, in turn, affects climate through feedbacks via photosynthesis and evapotranspiration, changes in albedo and biogenic volatile organic compound emissions (Henderson-Sellers 1993, Fang et al 2003, Meng . Having a better understanding of what drives the onset and spread of meningitis . This review paper examines why and how climate, forest, and agriculture interfaces . At national level, the mean long-term annual runoff change after 20 years is positive (about 80 mm/year), and is equally accountable to climate change (50%) and landscape . The objectives of this study were (i) to analyze temperature, rainfall and vegetation greenness trends and (ii) determine the spatial relationship of climate variables and vegetation . It is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. (a) AEZ modelling methodology. 1.1). We have ambitious plans for NOAA Climate.gov, we recognize that you—our visitors—provide the true measure of our success. A lot of us in the geoscience business are concerned these days with interpreting ongoing and past, and predicting future, responses of landforms, soils, and ecosystems to climate change. Gridded rainfall and temperature data were gathered from CenTrends Great Horn of Africa v1 and CRU . The climate of Africa and Ethiopia has changed. Here are the average temperatures. Research design2.2.1. Increased evaporation will result in more frequent and intense storms, but will also contribute to drying over some land areas. Simulation and Prediction of Category 4 and 5 Hurricanes in the High-Resolution GFDL HiFLOR Coupled Climate Model. 2.1 THE NEED FOR ADAPTATION The major impacts and threats of global warming are widespread (Figure II-1). In addition to emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases from energy, industrial, agricultural, and other activities, humans also affect climate through changes in land use (activities taking place on land, like growing food, cutting trees, or building cities) and land cover (the physical characteristics of the land surface, including grain crops, trees, or concrete). Increasing ocean temperatures cause thermal expansion of the oceans and in combination The results were in line with the recent studies that stated the frequency of the drought cycle has been changing over time in Ethiopia. In October 2021, we launched Version 3.0 of the site, incorporating changes recommended following a formal evaluation. In this study, we used Budyko-like framework and remote sensing data to evaluate the spatial effects of climate and land surface changes on water availability in Ethiopia. As Rainfall and temperature data for variability and trend analysis have been obtained from different sources. Key Message 5: U.S. Precipitation Change. In Ethiopia, malaria is seasonal and unstable, causing frequent epidemics. The Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy must, therefore, make greater efforts to embed young people's livelihoods and wellbeing in the strategy. and the rain belt to the south. Current climate models indicate that rising temperatures will intensify the Earth's water cycle, increasing evaporation. The objectives of this study were (i) to analyze temperature, rainfall and vegetation greenness trends and (ii) determine the spatial relationship of climate variables and vegetation . In late 2012, we began transitioning to an operational status, which we completed in early 2013. local climate variability that people have previously experienced and have adapted to is changing and changing at relatively great speed. The fossil baboon Theropithecus oswaldi, which weighed over 58 kg (over 127.6 pounds), lived on the ground exclusively; it had very large teeth and consumed grass. Malaria has been Ethiopia's predominant communicable disease for decades. Case in point: while summer 2009 was near-record cold, the summer of 2010 Ethiopia's climate policies and action do not require . Though the problem of climate change is global its effect on the developing countries like Ethiopia are very significant, because of less capacity to reduce and reverse the problem. And our result is highly in agreement with the data reported by [35,36,37,38]. The amount of rainfall varies spatially within the country and within different regions in the country. Beetle Outbreaks and Climate Change. For this study, croplands of the Atsela-Sesat and Ayba sites from the Alaje district and the Tsigea site from the Raya Azebo district in northern Ethiopia were selected. Chapter I. More information: Rodó X, Martinez PP, Siraj A and Pascual M. Malaria trends in Ethiopian highlands track the 2000 'slowdown' in global warming.Nature Communications. In late 2012, we began transitioning to an operational status, which we completed in early 2013. This interactive shows the extent of the killing of lodgepole pine trees in western Canada. The sensitivity of vector borne diseases like malaria to climate continues to raise considerable concern over the implications of climate change on future disease dynamics. Ethiopia's Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) report identified that the health and water sectors are among the most vulnerable sectors to climate change in Ethiopia, alongside the agricultural sector.3 Currently, altered weather patterns are resulting in Ethiopia Country Overview Ethiopia is home to close to 100 million people, and it currently stands . Among many elements of weather and climate in Ethiopia, rainfall and temperature are the most common and important for the rural peoples' livelihoods that depend on rain-fed agriculture. Dire Dawa is also more arid, with most of the rain falling during the short rainy season (March to April) and the long rainy season (July to September). Therefore, in order to help policymakers and developers make more informed decisions, this study investigated the temporal dynamics of rainfall and its spatial distribution within Ethiopia. Ethiopia's climate ranges from temperate in the highlands to tropical in the lowlands . For transmission of malaria parasite, climatic factors are important determinants as well as non-climatic factors that can negate climatic . The following sections of this first chapter provide some general information about those components. A region's weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered its climate. More winter and spring precipitation is projected for the northern United States, and less for the Southwest, over this century. This is a much narrower window than GCMs estimates of . These considerations, a maximum difference of +175 mm is observed 3-5 decades 3: areas where lack high-quality. The occurrence of . The aim of this paper is to demonstrate trends and controversies of population growth and . Researchers say it can reduce prediction uncertainties by around 50%. Understanding spatiotemporal climate and vegetation changes and their nexus is key for designing climate change adaptation strategies at a local scale. Linking climate change and environmental factors with dynamics of outmigration from rural areas is urgent considering the scale of such movements in many parts of Ethiopia. Ethiopia is one of the first countries to have developed a climate resilient green economy strategy (Fisher 2013). The amount of annual rainfall is directly related to elevation above mean sea level; high rainfall is corresponding to the highlands, whereas low rainfall is measured in the lowlands . Even though scientists have no doubt that climate is warming, natural climate variability will always occur. Spring rainfall secular variability is studied using observations, reanalysis, and model simulations. These studies indicate not only how climatically complex Ethiopia is, but suggest that regional climate and rainfall patterns may be experiencing long term change. Key Finding 2. The amount of annual rainfall is directly related to elevation above mean sea level; high rainfall is corresponding to the highlands, whereas low rainfall is measured in the lowlands . Both, precipitation and temperature have shown significant positive trends of 9.7 × 10 −2 /yr and 2.7 × 10 −2 /yr respectively over the study region from 1982 to 2015. In October 2021, we launched Version 3.0 of the site, incorporating changes recommended following a formal evaluation. Plays a major challenge to climate-related research is the do we have dynamics in temperature and rainfall in ethiopia of a well-documented historical climate dataset as western. In Ethiopia, smallholder agriculture is vulnerable mainly to recurrent drought and human induced factors owing to population pressure. 2017).The region has three main seasons. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year.